By : Ir.
Najamudin, MT
Lecturer of Mechanical Engineering,
Bandar Lampung University
International Conference on Engineering and Technology Development (3 rd ICETD 2014). 29 October 2014, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Modification Effect of Volume Silinder
Four Stroke Engine to Effective Power
Abstract:
To improve the ability, power changes (performance) of a motor used for racing
most mechanics do modifications to the cylinder volume. When the motor cylinder
enlarged, the enlarged combustion volume, so that automatically will increase
the compression ratio and compression pressure effect on the combustion
pressure rise as well, in order to obtain great power. Bore up is a way to
increase the volume of the contents of the cylinder, using a piston that has a
larger diameter than the standard. So that the cylinder and piston are
enlarged, the fuel and air for combustion in the engine can be more obtainable
with high compression ratio that produces greater energy (torque) and a higher
engine speed (rpm). In the discussion of this study the author discusses the
influence of bore up the engine on the motorcycle supra x-cylinder 125 cc of
cylinder diameter 52.4 mm to 54 mm, the things that need to be reviewed in this
discussion include: Changes in power (performance), changes in torque before
and after the engine in the bore up.
Keywords : Bore up,
power, torque, an increase in the volume of the cylinder.
Parts
of Internal Combustion Engine
Figure 1. Parts
of Internal Combustion Engine
Figure 2.Otto Cycle (Four Stroke Internal Combustion Engine )
The
plunger (piston)
Piston
which functions as a tool to suck the fuel, compress the fuel (compression), to
accommodate the high-pressure power with higher temperatures. When the piston
is replaced with a larger size, automatically measure the cylinder bore must be
enlarged also in accordance with the relevant piston diameter and cylinder bore
enlarging the term referred to the crankcase.
Figure 3. Cylinder and plunger (piston)
Volume of Cylinder
The
total volume (Vt) obtained from the total volume of the piston stroke (V1) and
clearence volume (VC). The volume of the piston stroke (V1) obtained from
stroke piston is at TDC and BDC. Where large volumes of steps depending on the
cylinder diameter (D) and the piston stroke length (L) usually has a unit cubic
centimeters (cc).
Figure 4.
The volume of a cylinder
METHODS
Implementation
Research
The study was performed using
motorbike engines Supra X-125 cc and a standard that has been in the bore up
(modified). This test focused on the comparison of the performance of the
machines, which are obtained from the comparison between the standard engine
with a cylinder diameter of 52.4 mm and
engine that already bore up (modified) with a 54 mm diameter cylinder.
This research is data taken power
(power), the torque produced by the engine are not experienced and bore up the
change and and a machine that already bore up (modified) with a 54 mm diameter
cylinder at engine speed 1500, 2500, 4000, 5500 and 7000 rpm.
Tools and Materials
Tools and
materials used in this experiment as follows:
- One unit of Honda Supra X-125 cc in
2006.
- The standard engine block units and
one unit engine block that already bore up (modified) Honda Supra X-125cc.
- Dynojet, a tool used to calculate
engine torque and maximum power is obtained at engine speed (rpm)
specific.
- The fuel, in this case, or premium
gasoline.
- Stop watch, to measure time in the
experiment.
- Tachometer, to measure the rotation
speed of the engine
- Feeler gauge, used to measure the
valve gap and spark plug gap.
- Compression tester, used to measure the compression pressure in the cylinder.
Figure 5. The Cylinders and Pistons are used in testing
Implementation of the experiment
1. Experiment to standard machine conditions :
a. Measure the compression
pressure on a standard machine conditions using Compression Tester, by
installing a compression tester in the spark plug hole, then the machine at the
kick starter a few times.
b. Open a faucet in the fuel line
so that the carburetor filled.
c. Pressing the channel igniton
switch to "on".
d. Turning the engine by means of
a kick starter machine.
e. After the engine, adjust the
throttle rev the engine to set up a stationary condition and then left to stand
for 3-5 minutes to warm up.
f. After warming the engine for
about 3-5 minutes, adjust / rotate the throttle so the initial rotation of 1500
rpm the engine and left for some time so that the rotation is stable.
g. Once the machine has been
incited, new vehicles increased to Dynojet or dynotest.
h. At the same time, the data are
read. Reading the magnitude of the torque, power or power at engine speed 2500
rpm.
i. Repeating steps i to round (n)
= 4000 rpm.
j. The next step is the same as
i. Every up 1 stroke, setting the addition of 1500 rpm engine rev up at 7000
rpm rotation and is also accompanied by the reading of the data.
2. Experiment for the condition of the engine that
has been modified(bore up) :
a. Install the cylinder block dibore up on the vehicle.
b. After silnder block installed, then do the same test as the standard
engine testing above.
c. When finished, operate the throttle control to the idle position round,
then turn off the engine.
Conclusion
and Suggestion
Conclusion
Based on the results of
research and analysis of data and discussion of the theory of the field is
done, it can be concluded as follows:
1. In testing the power and torque of the engine to the standard
conditions of cylinders 52.4 mm, 6.15 hp gain maximum power and maximum torque
of 8.20 Nm using test equipment Dynojet.
2. Then in a test using a 54 mm cylinder power gain (power) 8.84
maximum hp and maximum torque of 10.01 Nm.
3. Specifications Engine before modified (bore up) :
Stroke Volume (VL) = 124.8 cm3
Clearence volume (Vc) = 15, 03 cm3
Compression ratio (r) = 9.3: 1
Maximum Effective Power = 6.15 Hp
Torque (T) =
8.20 Nm
4. Specifications Engine after modified (bore up) :
Stroke Volume (VL) = 132.54 cm3
Clearence volume (Vc) = 15, 03 cm3
Compression ratio (r) = 9.8: 1
Maximum Effective Power = 8.84 Hp
Torque (T) =
10.01 Nm
5. Judging from the analysis calculation upgrade the engine by means
of a bore up stroke affect the volume, cylinder volume, power and greater
torque than a standard machine conditions.
Suggestion
1. For motorcycle users who want to increase the power and speed of
the bike can bore up the engine.
2. For the motorist who has experienced bore up the engine, you
should change it ignition system and the fuel system in order to get a big
power anyway.
3. It is recommended if you want to bore up, need to pay attention
to the thickness of the cylinder wall, if it is too thin and followed the
suggested enlarging the cylinder to replace the cylinder block as desired.
Please read more this article, brita.indo.com :
Ir. Najamudin, MT : Cara Menjadi Blogger yang Proffesional
Ir. Najamudin, MT: Evaluasi Prestasi Mesin Pada Turbin Uap (Steam Turbine)
Please read more this article, brita.indo.com :
Ir. Najamudin, MT : Cara Menjadi Blogger yang Proffesional
Ir. Najamudin, MT: Evaluasi Prestasi Mesin Pada Turbin Uap (Steam Turbine)
Thanks
Ir. Najamudin, MT
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